Camphor

(Camphor)
Sanskrit: कर्पूर Botanical: Dryobalanops camphora Colebr. (Bhimseni); Cinnamomum camphora Nees & Eberm. (Chini)

Karpura (Camphor) is the first substance described in the Karpuradi Varga, the second chapter of Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Four types are described: (1) Bhimseni — the best, from Dryobalanops camphora trees in Borneo/Sumatra, naturally deposited in wood crevices; (2) Chini — from Cinnamomum camphora, obtained by distillation; (3) Pachi/Bapani — from Blumea species; (4) Synthetic — chemically prepared. Bhimseni is preferred for medicinal use. Camphor is cold in potency, aromatic, and used extensively in heart diseases, burning sensations, fevers, and eye conditions. It is a cardiac stimulant in small doses. Excessive use can reduce sexual potency. Applied externally for skin conditions and pain relief. Book reference: Karpuradi Varga, shloka 1-3.

Ayurvedic Properties

Taste (Rasa)
Bitter (Tikta), Pungent (Katu), Sweet (Madhura)
Quality (Guna)
Light (Laghu), Sharp (Tikshna)
Potency (Virya)
Cold (Sheeta)
Post-digestive (Vipaka)
Pungent (Katu)
Key Constituents
C₁₀H₁₆O — Camphor is a terpenoid ketone. Bhimseni camphor contains d-borneol. Camphor oil of Borneo type produced. Chemical formula same for all types but optical rotation differs.
Also Known As
English: Camphor, Borneo Camphor, Baros Camphor
Sanskrit: कर्पूर, घनसार, चन्द्र, हिमवालुक, सितांशु, हिमांशु
Hindi: कपूर, कर्पूर

What is Camphor (Karpura / कर्पूर)?

Karpura (Camphor) is the first substance described in the Karpuradi Varga, the second chapter of Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Four types are described: (1) Bhimseni — the best, from Dryobalanops camphora trees in Borneo/Sumatra, naturally deposited in wood crevices; (2) Chini — from Cinnamomum camphora, obtained by distillation; (3) Pachi/Bapani — from Blumea species; (4) Synthetic — chemically prepared. Bhimseni is preferred for medicinal use. Camphor is cold in potency, aromatic, and used extensively in heart diseases, burning sensations, fevers, and eye conditions. It is a cardiac stimulant in small doses. Excessive use can reduce sexual potency. Applied externally for skin conditions and pain relief. Book reference: Karpuradi Varga, shloka 1-3.

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 1

Therapeutic Actions (Karma)

  • Hridya (cardiotonic)
  • Daha Prashamana (relieves burning sensation)
  • Vrishya (aphrodisiac in small doses)
  • Sugandhi (aromatic/fragrant)
  • Krimighna (anti-parasitic)
  • Chedana (expectorant)
  • Chakshushya (beneficial for eyes)
  • Lekhana (scraping/reduces fat)
  • Kapha-Vata Shamaka (pacifies Kapha and Vata)

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 1

Classical Therapeutic Uses

  • Daha (burning sensation)
  • Trishna (excessive thirst)
  • Jwara (fever)
  • Mukha Roga (oral diseases)
  • Hridroga (heart diseases)
  • Kasa (cough)
  • Shwasa (asthma/dyspnea)
  • Netra Roga (eye diseases)
  • Krimi (worms/parasites)

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 1

Varieties

VarietyRegionBest For
Bhimseni Karpura (भीमसेनी कर्पूर)
Chini Karpura (चीनी कर्पूर)
Pachi/Bapani Karpura (पची/बापनी कर्पूर)
Synthetic Karpura (कृत्रिम कर्पूर)

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 1

Camphor by Condition

Explore how Camphor is used for specific health concerns — with dosage, preparation methods, and classical references for each.

Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Ayurvedic treatments should be pursued under the guidance of a qualified practitioner (BAMS/MD Ayurveda). Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new treatment. Content is sourced from classical Ayurvedic texts and may not reflect the latest medical research.